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10月6日，中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使秦剛應(yīng)邀在線出席由美國(guó)美亞學(xué)會(huì)和金沙集團(tuán)合作舉辦的“旅游和人文交流”論壇開幕式并發(fā)表主旨演講。他結(jié)合“人民至上、生命至上”、 “逆行者”、“躺平”、“凡爾賽”、“飯圈”、“內(nèi)卷”、“雙減”這7個(gè)當(dāng)下中國(guó)流行的“熱詞”，給與會(huì)者簡(jiǎn)要講述了中國(guó)正在發(fā)生的精彩故事。↓

（視頻戳這里）

Chinese Ambassador to the United States Qin Gang on Wednesday shared with Americans seven buzzwords that are currently popular in China to illustrate what is going on in his country.

"The buzzwords I shared with you today reflect the changing and unchanging elements in our values when China experiences rapid economic growth and profound social transformation," said Qin in his keynote speech at the online Forum on Tourism, Hospitality and Cultural Exchange co-hosted by the U.S.-Asia Institute and Las Vegas Sands Corp.

秦剛說(shuō)，“人民至上、生命至上”和“逆行者”彰顯了生命至上、舉國(guó)同心、舍生忘死、尊重科學(xué)、命運(yùn)與共的偉大抗疫精神；“躺平”“凡爾賽”“飯圈”三個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)詞匯勾勒出中國(guó)部分年輕人的生活方式和思想狀態(tài)，以及社交媒體文化和商業(yè)化追星行為；“內(nèi)卷”和“雙減”的對(duì)比反映了當(dāng)今中國(guó)社會(huì)高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)帶來(lái)的壓力和商業(yè)化帶來(lái)的沖擊以及中國(guó)政府和社會(huì)如何應(yīng)對(duì)。


圖源：中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使館網(wǎng)站

秦剛介紹道：

一是人民至上、生命至上。這組詞產(chǎn)生于抗疫，但在中國(guó)卻有著悠久歷史和深沉的人文情懷。2000多年前，孔子提出“民惟邦本”思想，強(qiáng)調(diào)人是國(guó)家的根本。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立百年來(lái)奮斗的初心和使命就是為人民謀幸福。堅(jiān)持以人民為中心，是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的執(zhí)政理念和中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀之一。疫情肆虐時(shí)，我們前所未有調(diào)集全國(guó)資源、舉國(guó)同心開展最嚴(yán)格、最全面、最徹底的大規(guī)模科學(xué)防控和救治，不放棄每一個(gè)角落，不放棄每一個(gè)生的希望，從出生僅30個(gè)小時(shí)的嬰兒到100多歲的老人，不計(jì)代價(jià)，全力免費(fèi)救治。目前，疫情在中國(guó)全境得到有效控制，局部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)散發(fā)病例或聚集性疫情，都能迅速得到遏制。

The first buzzword is 人民至上、生命至上, or people first, life first. This phrase was from China’s fight against the pandemic, and it is rooted in Chinese history and reflects a deep concern for humanity. Over 2,000 years ago, Confucius raised the idea that people are the foundation of a country. The founding mission of the Communist Party of China is to pursue happiness for the people, and putting people at the center is a guiding principle of the CPC and a core value of socialism with Chinese characteristics. When COVID-19 hit China, we mobilized resources nationwide and launched an epic campaign to fight it. The whole country was united as one, with no place left behind and no life given up. From a 30-hour-old baby to senior citizens of over 100 years old, no cost was spared to save a life, and all the treatment was free. Now the pandemic has been put under effective control in China, and sporadic or cluster cases in a few regions were all curbed very quickly.

二是逆行者，是指在抗疫過(guò)程中那些不懼風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、迎 難而上、無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)的人物群體。他們中有從全國(guó)各地奔赴疫情一線、與時(shí)間賽跑、跟病毒搏擊、搶救生命的醫(yī)護(hù)工作者、解放軍、消防員；有通宵奮戰(zhàn)僅用10余天時(shí)間建成戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)院的建筑工人；有把私家車當(dāng)出租車免費(fèi)接送病患和醫(yī)務(wù)工作者的普通市民；有日夜值守的公安干警，搶運(yùn)物資的卡車司機(jī)，堅(jiān)守崗位的快遞小哥、保安、環(huán)衛(wèi)工人；還有在社區(qū)執(zhí)行管理檢測(cè)、為居民訂菜送飯倒垃圾的志愿者。

Second, 逆行者, or heroes in harm's way, which refers to the everyday heroes who put their mission before their lives and made fearless sacrifices to fight the pandemic. There were medical professionals, military personnel and firefighters who rose to the challenge on the frontline and raced against time to save lives; there were construction workers who worked around the clock to build hospitals in less than two weeks; there were volunteer drivers who used their private cars to give free rides to patients and medical staff; there were countless police officers, truck drivers, delivery persons, street cleaners, community workers, who held on to their posts day and night to keep people’s daily life up and running at a special time.

三是躺平，是指一些年輕人放棄奮斗、不思進(jìn)取，他們或逃避競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、低欲望生活，或不想工作、回家啃老，類似美國(guó)的歸巢族。選擇躺平的人，有的家境比較優(yōu)越，一出生就躺贏；有的認(rèn)為不管怎樣，都有國(guó)家基本醫(yī)療、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)和養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)等兜底。這和他們的父輩不同，那時(shí)，家家戶戶沒(méi)有這么好的條件，社會(huì)資源緊缺，憑票購(gòu)物，想躺平也沒(méi)條件，只能奮斗。另一方面，與父輩相比，這一代年輕人面臨著更大的壓力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，如就業(yè)、職場(chǎng)、住房、生育等等，僅舉一個(gè)數(shù)字，每年就有一千萬(wàn)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生走向社會(huì)。有人認(rèn)為躺平是一種與世無(wú)爭(zhēng)，無(wú)欲無(wú)求的人生處世哲學(xué)；有人認(rèn)為躺平是對(duì)社會(huì)快速發(fā)展的無(wú)奈選擇；有人認(rèn)為躺平是為了釋放情緒后更好地站起來(lái)；但更多的人不認(rèn)同躺平，認(rèn)為躺平是精致利己主義。人們更崇尚逆行者。

Third, 躺平, or lie flat, which describes the youngsters who give up ambitions and do the bare minimum to get by. They are either trying to evade competition and lead a low-desire life, or they just don’t want to work and choose to live off their parents, like some boomerang kids in America. “Lie-flatters” are either from well-off families, born with a silver spoon in mouth, or believe that whatever comes their way, they have basic medical insurance, pension and unemployment subsidies to fall back on. This is totally different from previous generations, who didn’t have the l    uxury to “lie flat”, because they had to tighten their belts and work hard to earn a living. At the same time, compared with older generations, youngsters nowadays face greater competition in employment, career, housing and parenthood. To give you an idea of that, ten million college graduates enter the job market every year. Some people think “lying flat” stands for a life philosophy of no worldly pursuits; some take it as a passive choice in a fast changing society; some believe this is just to vent stress before they get going again. But more people don’t approve the “lie-flatters”, who they believe are just refined egoists, and people have greater respect for 逆行者,heroes in harm’s way.

四是凡爾賽，源自法國(guó)宮殿名稱，在當(dāng)下中國(guó)引申為一種自詡的貴族精神，用來(lái)指有些人在朋友圈中以故作委婉、先抑后揚(yáng)的話語(yǔ)方式，炫耀自己精致優(yōu)雅、與眾不同。比如，有的人為了炫耀自己有錢，就會(huì)說(shuō)，“我最近不得不搬家，因?yàn)橛兴饺塑噹?kù)的別墅才有私人充電樁，特斯拉才能用”；還有的人炫耀自己出境游，發(fā)帖“今晚我要去維多利亞港哭，以后努力賺錢去巴黎哭。”對(duì)種種“凡爾賽”，社交媒體評(píng)論區(qū)里各種羨慕、嫉妒、恨。

Fourth, 凡爾賽, or Versailles, originally from the Palace of Versailles in France. The word was borrowed to refer to the self-claimed aristocratic spirit. On social media, it is used to label humble-braggers, who pretend to sound modest when they flaunt their rich and unique lifestyle. For example, some people want to brag about their new villa, “Oh, I hate to move but I have to, because you only get your own Supercharger for Tesla in a private garage”. Some people show off their luxury travel, “Weeping tonight at Victoria Harbor. Will save my tears for Paris next time.” These are typical examples of humble-bragging, which are usually followed by plenty of FOMO comments on social media.

五是內(nèi)卷，作為新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)詞匯，是指非理性內(nèi)部競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，或是“被自愿”競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，個(gè)人努力遭受通貨膨脹。中國(guó)年輕人面臨成長(zhǎng)壓力，在高度競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，許多人認(rèn)為成功比成長(zhǎng)更重要，同伴彼此PK，家長(zhǎng)暗中較勁，培訓(xùn)班鄙視鏈、學(xué)區(qū)房排位賽等教育軍備競(jìng)賽萬(wàn)眾參與。家長(zhǎng)們望子成龍，誰(shuí)都不愿自己孩子輸在起跑線上，于是虎媽、雞娃，拼爹、拼媽，還得拼校外功夫。而那些吊起家長(zhǎng)胃口的各種線上線下教育培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)野蠻生長(zhǎng)，又進(jìn)一步加劇內(nèi)卷，教育淪為產(chǎn)業(yè)。一些小學(xué)生的補(bǔ)習(xí)安排甚至比正在備考的高中生還緊，各種科目應(yīng)接不暇。家長(zhǎng)累，孩子也累，錢包空了，親子時(shí)光也沒(méi)了。

Fifth, 內(nèi)卷, or involution. A latest buzzword, it means irrational or involuntary competition. Because of it, people feel burned out, and individual efforts are made less worthwhile. In a highly competitive era, people tend to think success is more important than personal growth. With fierce competition between students and between parents, and chains of contempt found in everything from after-school classes to school-district housing, no one can stay immune from the arms race in education. Out of anxiety or vanity, tiger parents would keep pushing their kids to learn more and take more after-school classes, and they would bend over backwards to help their kids succeed. Training schools have taken advantage of this to grow wildly. As a result, involution intensifies, and education becomes a profitable industry. Some elementary pupils have a schedule more packed than high school students, with their subjects so varied that you cannot even imagine. In such an environment, both parents and children get very tired, parents’ wallets empty, and there is no quality time with children to speak of.

六是“雙減”，就是政府針對(duì)內(nèi)卷出臺(tái)的政策，要減輕義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)和校外培訓(xùn)負(fù)擔(dān)，目的是讓教育回歸本真，孩子要在學(xué)校里，德智體全面發(fā)展，使成長(zhǎng)比成功更重要，不能讓資本操作教育。“雙減”來(lái)了，孩子課業(yè)壓力小了，小伙伴們不用再比拼誰(shuí)上的課外班多、課外班有名，孩    子們有更多時(shí)間鍛煉玩耍了，天性得到釋放。可還是有家長(zhǎng)覺得天塌了，花錢把自己孩子培養(yǎng)成學(xué)霸，現(xiàn)在卻被剝奪了靠多刷題出人頭地的機(jī)會(huì)。但更多家長(zhǎng)覺得天亮了，終于不那么累了，可以護(hù)住自己的錢包，不受教育商業(yè)化忽悠了。

Sixth, 雙減, or double reduction. This is a recent policy to address involution in education. It aims to reduce the excessive homework load and after-school tutoring hours for students in compulsory education. With capital restricted in education sector, education will return to its original purpose, children can have all-round development in school, and personal growth will be considered more important than success. The “double reduction” policy has lessened students’ academic burden and peer pressure. They don’t have to vie with each other in after-school classes any more. They have more time for sports, play and their real hobbies. But for parents, some may feel that their world is collapsing. They have spent all the money to get their kids ahead of others, and now they can’t cram the kids any more. Still, most parents feel that their world is lighting up. They don’t have to get themselves so tired and their wallets emptied, and they don’t have to be part of commercialization of education any more.

七是飯圈，指娛樂(lè)業(yè)粉絲組成的圈子。一些明星為追求流量，通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)、商業(yè)炒作，誤導(dǎo)粉絲瘋狂追星模仿，導(dǎo)致粉絲中模糊身份認(rèn)同者有之，散盡家財(cái)者有之。在種種混亂畸形的背后，是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺(tái)及其幕后資本主導(dǎo)的一條利益鏈。飯圈文化是娛樂(lè)圈過(guò)度商業(yè)化、資本化的扭曲反映。政府正在整治引導(dǎo)。

Seventh, 飯圈, or celebrity fan clubs. To attract eyeballs, some celebrities used the Internet to hype up themselves, and their fans crazily imitated their misbehaviors. As a result, some fans got confused with their identity, while others spent every penny they had in chasing their idols. Behind all these abnormities is a chain of interests dominated by online platforms and the capital that supports them. The “飯圈” culture reflects the excessive influence that commercialization plays in the entertainment industry, and the government is introducing measures to regulate this phenomenon.

上述熱詞反映的是中國(guó)在經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展、社會(huì)深刻變革過(guò)程中，中國(guó)人價(jià)值取向的變與不變。搞中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義，物質(zhì)文明和精神文明要全面發(fā)展。我們要在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)大潮中堅(jiān)守中國(guó)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀和公平正義，不迷失自我。中國(guó)除了依法治國(guó)，還以德治國(guó)。何為中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)美德？天下為公。就是安得廣廈千萬(wàn)間，大庇天下寒士俱歡顏！在中國(guó)，資本無(wú)節(jié)制逐利壟斷，損害社會(huì)公共利益，是行不通的。

The buzzwords I shared with you today reflect the changing and unchanging elements in our values when China experiences rapid economic growth and profound social transformation. Socialism with Chinese characteristics requires both material progress and cultural-ethical advancement. We need to keep fine traditional values, uphold fairness and justice, and not get lost in a market economy. In addition to rule of law, China also practices rule of virtue. Then what is China's traditional virtue? It means a concern for the common good of humanity. It means, to quote a Chinese poem, “how wonderful it would be if there could be tens of thousands of houses to shelter those in need, together in joy!” Therefore, it is unacceptable if capital is allowed to seek profit and monopoly at the expense of public interests.

綜合來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)，中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使館網(wǎng)站