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美國(guó)一位教授在學(xué)生作業(yè)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一篇幾乎完美的論文，好到遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出他對(duì)學(xué)生的預(yù)期。于是，教授拿著這篇論文去問(wèn)人工智能工具ChatGPT，果然驗(yàn)證了自己的懷疑……↓

（視頻戳這里）

據(jù)《商業(yè)內(nèi)幕》網(wǎng)報(bào)道，美國(guó)北密歇根大學(xué)宗教研究和哲學(xué)教授安東尼·奧曼（Antony Aumann）發(fā)現(xiàn)有兩名學(xué)生提交了ChatGPT寫(xiě)的論文。

Antony Aumann, a religious studies and philosophy professor at Northern Michigan University, told Insider he had caught two students submitting essays written by the AI chatbot ChatGPT.

奧曼教授在接受CGTN采訪時(shí)講道，“這篇文章寫(xiě)得比我的大多數(shù)學(xué)生都要好，語(yǔ)法太完美，結(jié)構(gòu)太合理（too sound），觀點(diǎn)太前衛(wèi)（too advanced），好到不符合我對(duì)學(xué)生的預(yù)期，這亮起了紅燈（red flag）。”

為了驗(yàn)證自己的懷疑，他把學(xué)生的論文輸入到ChatGPT里問(wèn)，“這是你寫(xiě)的嗎？” 而ChatGPT答道："99.9% 的概率是的。"

"The red flag was that the essay was written better than most of my students can write. The grammar was too perfect, the structure was too sound, and the ideas were kind of too advanced for what I would expect from my students.” Aumann said in an interview, “So, what I did was, I took that essay and submitted it to ChatGPT, and I asked it, 'Hey, did you write this?' It replied that there was a 99.9 percent chance that it did."

此外，美國(guó)弗曼大學(xué)哲學(xué)系教授達(dá)倫·?？耍―arren Hick）同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)，一名學(xué)生交了一篇人工智能ChatGPT生成的論文。

?？私淌诒硎?，當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)這篇論文里有一些寫(xiě)得很好的錯(cuò)誤信息（well-written misinformation）時(shí)，他就開(kāi)始懷疑了。在使用ChatGPT檢測(cè)器后，結(jié)果顯示，這篇文章有99%的可能性是人工智能生成的。

A few weeks after the launch of ChatGPT, Darren Hick, a philosophy professor at Furman University, said he caught a student turning in an AI-generated essay.

Hick said he grew suspicious when the student turned in an on-topic essay that included some well-written misinformation.

After running it through Open AI's ChatGPT detector, the results said it was 99% likely the essay had been AI-generated.

這兩位教授都表示，在他們與學(xué)生對(duì)峙后，學(xué)生們都承認(rèn)了違規(guī)行為。最終，希克教授的學(xué)生考試不及格，奧曼教授則讓他的學(xué)生重寫(xiě)論文。

Both Hick and Aumann said they confronted their students, all of whom eventually confessed to the infraction. Hick's student failed the class and Aumann had his students rewrite the essays from scratch.

奧曼教授表示，“我希望學(xué)生們真正學(xué)到知識(shí)，而他們能做到這一點(diǎn)的唯一方法就是真正由自己完成作業(yè)。”

"I want the students to actually learn the material, and the only way they can do that is by actually completing the assignment," Aumann said.

《商業(yè)內(nèi)幕網(wǎng)》報(bào)道：兩名教授表示發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生使用ChatGPT在論文中作弊，他們解釋了為什么人工智能抄襲很難被證明

不僅僅是大學(xué)教授在為ChatGPT等人工智能聊天機(jī)器人的崛起而困擾。據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，由于幾乎所有能上網(wǎng)的人都能使用這些人工智能工具，美國(guó)各地的教育部門(mén)都在調(diào)整工作流程，重新設(shè)計(jì)整個(gè)課程，迫使學(xué)生提交手寫(xiě)論文或引入口試（oral exams）。

It's not just Aumann struggling with the rise of AI chatbots like ChatGPT. As a result of these tools becoming accessible to pretty much anybody with an internet connection, education departments across the entire country are adjusting workflows and redesigning entire courses, according to the NYT, forcing students to submit handwritten essays or introducing oral exams.

此外，紐約市和西雅圖的公立學(xué)校已經(jīng)完全禁止在他們自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)和設(shè)備上使用ChatGPT。

The New York City and Seattle public school systems have already banned ChatGPT outright on own networks and devices.

對(duì)此，奧曼教授表示，他認(rèn)為“禁令背后的情緒是合理的”。“學(xué)校希望確保學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和擁有批判性思維（critical thinking），這是學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作的一部分。”

"I think the sentiment behind the ban is reasonable," Aumann said. "They want to make sure that their students are learning the critical thinking skills that are part of learning how to write."

然而，大學(xué)不太可能效仿。畢竟，學(xué)生繞開(kāi)這些限制是非常容易的。即使是那些旨在幫助教師發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生偷偷使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具的檢測(cè)工具，也可能沒(méi)有多大用處。

But universities aren't likely to follow suit. After all, skirting around these restrictions is trivially easy. Even tools designed to assist teachers in catching students secretly making use of AI tools like ChatGPT will likely be of little use.

“學(xué)生可以修改ChatGPT生成的幾個(gè)單詞，加入一些語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，檢測(cè)工具就發(fā)現(xiàn)不了這是聊天機(jī)器人寫(xiě)的了。” 奧曼教授表示，“這些檢測(cè)工具也會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而改進(jìn)嗎？會(huì)。但可能還不足以跟上人工智能聊天機(jī)器人本身的發(fā)展速度。”

"Students can change a few words from what ChatGPT produced, introduce some grammatical infelicities, and the detectors no longer think it's written by a chatbot," Aumann said. "Will these detectors also improve with time? Yes. But probably not enough to keep pace with the development of the chatbots themselves."

 

奧曼教授還認(rèn)為，隨著ChatGPT的發(fā)布，木已成舟（the cat is already out of the bag），所以在課堂上與ChatGPT對(duì)抗是毫無(wú)意義的。

Besides, the cat is already out of the bag — so it'd be pointless to fight ChatGPT in the classroom, the professor argued.

就算學(xué)校禁止使用，“學(xué)生們一畢業(yè)就可以使用它，”他說(shuō)。“此外，學(xué)生們本來(lái)就在哀嘆‘現(xiàn)實(shí)生活’和‘學(xué)術(shù)’之間存在巨大鴻溝。因此，在我看來(lái)，忽視ChatGPT或只是試圖阻止它的使用是一個(gè)巨大的錯(cuò)誤，”教授總結(jié)道。

"Students will have access to it the second they graduate," he said. "Plus, students already lament that there is a big gulf between 'real life' and 'academia.'"

"So, ignoring ChatGPT or just trying to prevent its use is a big mistake, in my mind," Aumann concluded.

對(duì)奧曼教授來(lái)說(shuō)，他已經(jīng)決定調(diào)整自己的論文寫(xiě)作課程，要求學(xué)生在課堂上用正在被實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控（actively monitored）的電腦來(lái)寫(xiě)作初稿。他還計(jì)劃鼓勵(lì)他的哲學(xué)系學(xué)生“像對(duì)待其他哲學(xué)資源一樣對(duì)待ChatGPT”，這意味著他們將被要求評(píng)估其論據(jù)和論點(diǎn)（reasons and arguments）。

For his part, Aumann has decided to adjust his own essay writing course, and will require drafts to be written in the classroom on computers that are being actively monitored.

He's planning on encouraging his philosophy students to "react to ChatGPT in the same way they would any other philosophical source," meaning that they will be asked to evaluate its reasons and arguments.

綜合來(lái)源：","time":1679383406776,"comment":"https://www.businessinsider.com/chatgpt-essays-college-cheating-professors-caught-students-ai-plagiarism-2023-1","avatar":"","editting":false,"resume":[],"data-comment-id":"comment_id_1679383393448"}">商業(yè)內(nèi)幕網(wǎng)，CGTN America，F(xiàn)uturism網(wǎng)，紐約時(shí)報(bào)，央視網(wǎng)