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A fourth color might be added to traffic lights to better realize the potential of self-driving vehicles, as stated in a recent paper by researchers at North Carolina State University in the US.

美國(guó)北卡羅來納州立大學(xué)的研究人員在近期的一篇論文中提出，為了充分發(fā)揮自動(dòng)駕駛車輛的潛力，交通信號(hào)燈可能會(huì)增加第四種顏色。

Autonomous vehicles can do more than just drive – they are able to sense their surroundings and upload information. A shared network gives orders to stop at a crossing based on traffic conditions.

自動(dòng)駕駛車輛不僅能行駛，還能感知周圍環(huán)境并上傳信息?；ヂ?lián)互通的網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)根據(jù)交通狀況，在十字路口給出停車的指令。

The added white lights would be used to signal to human drivers that autonomous vehicles are managing the upcoming traffic flow intelligently. Drivers don’t have to check the traditional lights if the white one is on. “The white lights will tell human drivers to simply follow the car in front of them,” one of the study authors Ali Hajbabaie told the university’s website.

新增的白燈會(huì)向人類駕駛員發(fā)出信號(hào)，表明自動(dòng)駕駛車輛正在智能應(yīng)對(duì)即將到來的車流。如果白燈亮起，駕駛員就不必去確認(rèn)傳統(tǒng)的交通信號(hào)燈。據(jù)北卡羅來納州立大學(xué)官網(wǎng)消息，該研究的作者之一Ali Hajbabaie表示，“白燈會(huì)告訴人類駕駛員，只要跟著前面的車走就行了。”

Simulated models showed that autonomous vehicles were able to improve traffic flow on their own. Introducing the white light also has a positive effect on reducing fuel consumption. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at a crossing, the faster the traffic moves, reducing about 40 to 99 percent of the total delay time.

模擬模型表明，自動(dòng)駕駛車輛能夠自行改善交通狀況，增設(shè)白燈對(duì)降低油耗也起積極作用。在十字路口處，自動(dòng)駕駛車輛所占的比例越高，車輛移動(dòng)速度就越快，可以減少約40%到99%的總擁堵時(shí)間。

What kind of infrastructure is needed as self-driving technology thrives? In an interview with China Surveying and Mapping magazine, Liu Jingnan at the Chinese Academy of Engineering shared his answers.

自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)蓬勃發(fā)展，需要什么樣的配套基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施呢？中國(guó)工程院院士劉經(jīng)南在接受《中國(guó)測(cè)繪》期刊采訪時(shí)給出了答案。

To begin with, the vehicle’s network that collects data about the environment and shares the data with other vehicles needs to be intelligent. High-precision maps are needed for autonomous vehicles to plan routes in detail. They can provide both updated information on traditional maps and real-time changes, such as accidents.

首要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施是智能的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)，該網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以收集環(huán)境信息并與其他車輛共享數(shù)據(jù)。自動(dòng)駕駛車輛還需要高精地圖來詳細(xì)規(guī)劃路線，這種地圖既可以提供傳統(tǒng)地圖的最新信息，也可以提示諸如發(fā)生事故等路況的實(shí)時(shí)變化。

For example, when driving around a curve, the navigation system in the vehicle needs to calculate the safe speed based on the map’s information. And if the area is foggy, the network has to alarm the other cars to slow down.

例如，車輛行駛在一個(gè)彎道上時(shí)，導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)需要根據(jù)高精地圖提供的信息，計(jì)算安全車速。如果在通過這個(gè)彎道時(shí)恰好有霧，車聯(lián)網(wǎng)必須提醒其他車輛減速。

Other elements on the road need to be upgraded too. For example, road markings should be precise and readable for machines. Sensors should be built on sidewalks and roads to allow vehicles to predict potentially dangerous situations.

道路上的其他設(shè)施也需要升級(jí)。例如，交通標(biāo)識(shí)應(yīng)該保持精確，可供機(jī)器識(shí)別。人行道和馬路上還應(yīng)該安裝傳感器，讓車輛能夠預(yù)測(cè)潛在的危險(xiǎn)情況。

以上文章內(nèi)容選自《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生英文報(bào)》高三805期