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A group of clams recently caught people’s attention after an article was posted by China Science Communication online. Although these clams are usually regarded as nothing more than delicious food, they work to monitor the local water quality in Poland.

最近，科普中國線上發(fā)表了一篇關(guān)于河蚌的文章，吸引了人們的注意。文章中科普到，河蚌不僅可以被烹飪成美食，還能幫助檢測波蘭當(dāng)?shù)氐乃|(zhì)。

 

Gruba Kaska pumping station, which stands in the River Wisla, helps provide millions of liters of water to Warsaw, the capital of Poland. However, one particular concern for the water quality has been heavy metals, and researchers sought help from nature to solve this problem.

建在維瓦斯河流上的Gruba Kaska 水泵站，為波蘭首都華沙提供了數(shù)百萬升的水資源。然而，重金屬污染已經(jīng)成為該地水質(zhì)的一大因素，于是有專家試圖向大自然尋求幫助來改善水質(zhì)。

 

Clams are sensitive to pollutants in their environment as they filter water to feed on microorganisms. They shut their shells immediately after detecting “dangerous” water.

河蚌對于其生存環(huán)境中的污染物極其敏感，因為它們?yōu)V食水中的微生物。一旦檢測到水源發(fā)出的“危險”信號，河蚌會立即合上蚌殼。

 

Based on this, the researchers selected eight clams at a time and recorded the natural opening of their shells. After the clam “employees” become accustomed to the local water, they are placed in a specially designed container. With sensors stuck onto their shells, the clams are connected to a system that records how wide the shells are open.

基于此，研究者們同時選擇了八只河蚌進(jìn)行試驗，并且記錄其蚌殼的自然開啟。在這些河蚌“員工”適應(yīng)了當(dāng)?shù)氐乃h(huán)境后，它們被放置在一個特別設(shè)計的容器中。蚌殼上粘貼的傳感器將河蚌與記錄蚌殼開啟程度的系統(tǒng)連接到一起。

 

If four or more clams close their shells at the same time, an alarm will be triggered and the water supply will be shut down. The result is reliable because the creatures are considering many different factors at the same time, according to ZME Science.

如果四只及以上河蚌同時合上蚌殼，就會觸發(fā)警報，同時切斷水供給。ZME Science表明，該研究結(jié)果十分可靠，因為實驗過程中同時考慮到了多種因素。
 

Animals have long been helpers for human activities. Farmers in north Queensland, Australia, have been ordering different species of dung beetles to help clean up cattle dung, according to ABC News. As the number of cattle grows, their waste increases, leading to an enormous population of flies and a worsening environment. Dung beetles, however, take the waste and bury it. This way, they help improve soil quality.

動物一直以來都是人類活動的好幫手。據(jù)澳大利亞廣播公司報道，在澳大利亞昆士蘭北部的農(nóng)民一直依靠不同種類的屎殼郎來幫助他們清理牛糞。隨著牛群的擴(kuò)大，牛的排泄物也隨之增加，不僅引來大量蒼蠅，還污染環(huán)境。然而，屎殼郎可以將排泄物埋進(jìn)土里，改善土質(zhì)。

 

Similarly, cockroaches are used to deal with kitchen waste at several firms in China, according to a report of The Beijing News in 2018. About 300 million cockroaches are fed 15 tons of food waste on a daily basis, and they themselves are a good protein resource for livestock.

此外，新京報2018年的一篇報道稱，中國多家公司利用蟑螂處理廚余垃圾。大約3億只蟑螂一天可以被喂食15噸餐廚垃圾，并且蟑螂自身對牲畜來說也是很好的蛋白質(zhì)來源。

 

以上文章內(nèi)容選自《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生英文報》高一909期