近日，日本NHK電視臺發(fā)布的一個模擬病毒傳播視頻火了。
這部視頻由NHK及衛(wèi)生專家們一同制作，模擬了在自助餐廳或游輪上的情景。視頻展示了哪怕只有一人感染細(xì)菌或病毒，也可以輕而易舉的傳染他人。
A viral video from Japan aims to show how easily germs and viruses can spread in restaurants when just one person is infected. The experiment simulates the atmosphere at a buffet restaurant or on a cruise ship. It was conducted by the public broadcasting organization NHK in conjunction with health experts.
此次實驗共有十名志愿者參與。其中一名是“感染者”，手上被涂抹了模擬病毒的熒光物質(zhì)，表明可能是通過咳嗽或者打噴嚏沾染的。
The video shows 10 people coming into the restaurant, with one singled out as an "infected" person. A fluorescent substance only visible under black light is applied onto that person's hands, representing germs from a cough or a sneeze.
圖源：央視新聞
隨后，每個人都按照自助餐流程行動，并沒有考慮病毒傳播等事項。他們的活動包括選餐，享用美食，使用手機(jī)等等。
Each participant then goes about the buffet as they normally would, not considering a potential contamination. Over the course of a typical dining period, the rest of the guests behave in predictable fashion, selecting utensils from serving stations, enjoying their food, checking their phones and so on.
圖源：CNN網(wǎng)站
如此這般30分鐘后，實驗結(jié)果揭曉。黑光燈打開，帶有熒光材料的“病毒”傳播的到處都是：食物上，餐具盤子上，甚至志愿者的面部都有。
圖源：央視新聞
At the end of the video, the participants are cast under black lights illuminating where the "infection" has spread. The substance, used to signify the germs, can be seen on food, serving utensils and platters, and even on the faces of some of the participants.
戳這里看視頻：
視頻來源：央視新聞
視頻在微博上引發(fā)網(wǎng)友討論，大家紛紛呼吁繼續(xù)做好防護(hù)措施。
此外，NHK還做了另一組實驗，環(huán)境相同，只不過參與者都采取了相應(yīng)措施。所有人，包括“感染者”，在就餐前和就餐中都洗了手。同時，餐具等被參與者頻繁觸摸的物體表面，也被替換或者移除。
NHK also did a second experiment where the simulated environment anticipated contamination and put in the necessary precautions. All of the participants, including the "infected" person, washed their hands before and during eating. Frequently touched surfaces, such as serving utensils, were replaced or wiped down.
當(dāng)黑光燈再次打開時，“感染者”身上的“病菌”沒有再傳播到他人身上。
When the participants went under the black light, none of the substance from the "infected" person had spread to the other participants.
香港大學(xué)病理學(xué)臨床教授John Nicholls在接受CNN采訪時表示，視頻說明病毒可以非?？焖俚脑谖矬w表面和人與人之間傳播。但是，實驗中“感染者”手上的熒光物質(zhì)很多，并不能真實反映手部病毒細(xì)菌的數(shù)量。
"What the video demonstrated, is that it will spread to surfaces and to people very efficiently," John Nicholls, a clinical professor in pathology at Hong Kong University told CNN. However, Nicholls said that the situation is "artificial" because there was so much fluorescent liquid on the "infected" person's hands that it wouldn't accurately reflect the amount of germs on someone's hands.
圖源：CNN網(wǎng)站
日本神戶大學(xué)傳染病專家?guī)r田健太郎接受CNN采訪時表示，這個實驗僅僅展示出通過接觸傳染的可能性，并不能作為已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情的證據(jù)。
"The experiment just described the possibility of the spread by contact, and that is not proof of what happened," Kentaro Iwata, an infectious disease specialist at Kobe University told CNN.
但是兩位專家都認(rèn)為，這個實驗很好的強(qiáng)調(diào)了洗手和注意衛(wèi)生的重要性。
But both experts said the experiment is a good way to show the importance of hand washing and hygiene.
因此，實驗表明，如果沒有防護(hù)措施，病毒會迅速傳播，而洗手、戴口罩以及分餐制可以大大降低病毒的傳播。
綜合來源：央視新聞，NHK，CNN，The Guardian
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