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因新冠肺炎疫情影響而延期的2020年全國兩會(huì)，已于本周拉開大幕。與此同時(shí)，今年是中國決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)、決戰(zhàn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)之年，以及“十三五”規(guī)劃收官之年。在這樣一個(gè)特殊時(shí)期召開的兩會(huì)，有哪些看點(diǎn)值得關(guān)注？


這是4月29日在北京天安門廣場(chǎng)拍攝的人民大會(huì)堂。新華社記者 邢廣利 攝 圖源：新華網(wǎng)

關(guān)鍵詞：常態(tài)化疫情防控
Regular epidemic prevention and control

當(dāng)前，我國新冠肺炎疫情防控向好態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)一步鞏固，防控工作已從應(yīng)急狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為常態(tài)化。

常態(tài)化下，要統(tǒng)籌疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展。因此，今年下一階段如何做到常態(tài)化疫情防控不放松，推動(dòng)公共衛(wèi)生體系的完善，將是全國兩會(huì)的重要議題。

全國政協(xié)委員、華中科技大學(xué)協(xié)和醫(yī)院院長胡豫說：“兩會(huì)期間，我和其他代表委員將聚焦補(bǔ)短板、堵漏洞、強(qiáng)弱項(xiàng)（strengthen areas of weakness and close the loopholes），圍繞提升疫情監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警能力、健全公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急管理和救治體系、理順醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制等問題展開深入探討。”

National lawmakers and political advisors will discuss how to strive for good performances in all areas of economic and social development while implementing regular epidemic prevention and control measures. Public health is expected to be a hot topic during the two sessions, with experience and lessons derived from combating COVID-19 to be discussed.

Hu Yu, a national political advisor and president of the Union Hospital in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, said the participants are expected to conduct in-depth discussions on how to fix the shortcomings in the country's major epidemic prevention and control mechanisms and the national public health system.

關(guān)鍵詞：脫貧攻堅(jiān)
Poverty eradication


5月15日，在湘西十八洞村，麻輝煌（左）與返鄉(xiāng)大學(xué)生施林嬌一起通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播推銷土特產(chǎn)。新華社發(fā) 陳思汗攝 圖源：新華網(wǎng)

2020年是打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)收官之年，也是全面建成小康社會(huì)這個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)的收官之年。脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)進(jìn)入倒計(jì)時(shí)，正發(fā)起最后沖刺。

China is in the final push to achieve the target of poverty eradication as the nation is entering the home stretch in realizing its first centenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in 2020.

自從十八大以來，我國扶貧已經(jīng)取得了重大成就，七年來幫助超9300萬農(nóng)村人口成功脫貧。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in late 2012, the country has achieved significant progress in poverty reduction, with over 93 million rural people lifted out of poverty over seven years.

2020年是打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)收官之年，剩余脫貧攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)艱巨。截至去年年底，還有551萬貧困人口未脫貧。時(shí)間緊、壓力大，如何如期圓滿完成脫貧攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)，有效應(yīng)對(duì)疫情帶來的“加試題”考驗(yàn)，需要代表委員群策群力，建言獻(xiàn)策。

There were still 5.51 million impoverished people by the end of last year. COVID-19 added to challenges but with only about half a year left, it is unlikely to disrupt the poverty eradication targets. The "two sessions" will pool the wisdom of national legislators and political advisors on how to fulfill the mission of eradicating absolute poverty and keep those who have been lifted out of poverty from returning to poverty.

關(guān)鍵詞：全面建成小康社會(huì)
Build a moderately prosperous society in all respects

2020年，是決勝全面建成小康社會(huì)、決戰(zhàn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)之年。

China has set 2020 as the target year to eliminate absolute poverty and complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

站在“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)（two centenary goals）的歷史交匯點(diǎn)上，面臨更加復(fù)雜的國內(nèi)外環(huán)境，如何確保實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，為新階段新航程奠定良好基礎(chǔ)，代表委員的相關(guān)討論也將成為重要看點(diǎn)。

堅(jiān)決打好防范化解重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（preventing and defusing major risks）、精準(zhǔn)脫貧（targeted poverty alleviation）、污染防治（pollution control）的三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，是全面建成小康社會(huì)的必然要求，是邁向高質(zhì)量發(fā)展必須跨越的關(guān)口。其中，脫貧攻堅(jiān)是全面建成小康社會(huì)必須完成的硬任務(wù)，今年已經(jīng)進(jìn)入決戰(zhàn)決勝關(guān)鍵的階段。

全面建成小康社會(huì)，不僅僅體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、科技進(jìn)步、百姓收入增加的物質(zhì)層面，還體現(xiàn)在人們對(duì)公平正義的追求、對(duì)個(gè)人權(quán)利的維護(hù)、對(duì)豐富多彩文化生活的需求等精神層面上。

關(guān)鍵詞：保障民生和就業(yè)
Ensure employment and people's livelihood.


圖源：央視網(wǎng)

民生連民心，今年疫情背景下的民生保障尤為牽動(dòng)人心，是重中之重。統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，4月份全國城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率比上年同期高出1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

最近的官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，四月份中國的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)總體保持穩(wěn)定，但仍面臨壓力。城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率為6%，高于2019年定下的5.5%的目標(biāo)。

國務(wù)院已出臺(tái)一系列幫扶小微企業(yè)，減稅降費(fèi)，促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工、就業(yè)困難人員等重點(diǎn)群體就業(yè)的政策。兩會(huì)期間，代表委員將集中智慧出謀劃策，預(yù)期將推出更多方案來保障就業(yè)和民生。

Recent official data showed China's job market remained generally stable yet still under pressure in April, with the surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas standing at 6 percent, above the 2019 target of around 5.5 percent. The government has pledged every effort to prevent massive lay-offs by using a combination of fiscal, monetary, social insurance and pro-employment policies. The upcoming "two sessions" are expected to further outline ways and means to ensure employment and people's livelihood.

關(guān)鍵詞：民法典 
Civil code


圖源：央視網(wǎng)
 
全國兩會(huì)期間，十三屆全國人大三次會(huì)議還將對(duì)醞釀多年的民法典草案進(jìn)行審議。新中國成立后曾先后4次啟動(dòng)民法制定工作。2014年，黨的十八屆四中全會(huì)決定提出編纂民法典這一重大立法任務(wù)。2017年，民法總則獲表決通過。此后，全國人大常委會(huì)對(duì)各分編草案進(jìn)行了多次審議。2019年“完整版”中國民法典草案首次亮相。

由民法總則和民法典各分編草案“合體”而成的民法典草案，包括7編（總則編、物權(quán)編、合同編、人格權(quán)編、婚姻家庭編、繼承編、侵權(quán)責(zé)任編）加附則，共84章、1200多條，是一部全方位保障人民權(quán)益的法律，被譽(yù)為“社會(huì)生活的百科全書”和新時(shí)代人民權(quán)利的“宣言書”。民法典草案不僅覆蓋人民生活衣食住行、生老病死、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的方方面面，而且與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，不斷適應(yīng)時(shí)代要求。

中國人民大學(xué)法學(xué)院院長王軼認(rèn)為，一旦表決通過，民法典必將有力提升國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化水平。

Lawmakers this year will deliberate a draft civil code, moving closer to Chinese people's decades-long aspiration of having such a basic civil law. The decision to compile this civil code was announced in October 2014. 

Consisting of general provisions and six parts on property, contracts, personality rights, marriage and family, inheritance and torts liability, the draft has systematically integrated existing civil laws and regulations and modified them to adapt to new realities.

Once adopted, the civil code will greatly boost the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance, said Wang Yi, dean of the law school at Renmin University of China.

綜合來源：新華網(wǎng)，央視新聞