弗洛伊德之死引發(fā)有關種族歧視的討論，繼續(xù)在美國社會發(fā)酵，影視行業(yè)也涉及其中。
《亂世佳人》暫時下架
據(jù)CNN報道，經(jīng)典影片《亂世佳人》被影視平臺HBO Max暫時下架了，直到其反映“歷史內容”為止。
CNN報道指出，這部1939年的影片講述了美國南北戰(zhàn)爭時期，斯佳麗•奧哈拉與白瑞德的愛情故事。很多人認為《亂世佳人》是經(jīng)典作品，也是有史以來最受歡迎的電影之一。不過，這部電影也特別有爭議。自從影片面世以來的幾十年來，其情節(jié)中對于奴隸制度、非洲裔美國人以及美國內戰(zhàn)中南方情況的刻畫，備受批評。
The 1939 film, which tells the love story of Scarlett O'Hara and Rhett Butler during the American Civil War, is considered by many to be a cinematic classic and is one of the most popular films ever made. However, the movie is also incredibly controversial. The film's portrayal of slavery, African Americans and the Civil War South has been received much more critically in the decades since its release.
HBO Max現(xiàn)在屬于華納媒體旗下，一位發(fā)言人對CNN商業(yè)頻道表示，《亂世佳人》是那個時代的產(chǎn)物，反映了當時的某些種族偏見現(xiàn)象，而且很不幸的是，這在美國社會中很常見。
A spokesperson for HBO Max, which is owned by WarnerMedia, told CNN Business that "Gone with the Wind" is "a product of its time and depicts some of the ethnic and racial prejudices that have, unfortunately, been commonplace in American society."
“這些種族主義的刻畫，在當時是錯誤的，現(xiàn)在也是錯誤的。我們認為，如果對于這些內容不作出解釋，不去抨擊這些刻畫，那是不負責任的。”
"These racist depictions were wrong then and are wrong today, and we felt that to keep this title up without an explanation and a denouncement of those depictions would be irresponsible," the spokesperson said.
圖源：CNN網(wǎng)站
發(fā)言人還補充了電影回歸HBO Max的時間，電影將在“歷史內容經(jīng)過充分討論，并且抨擊特定刻畫”后回歸。回歸后的電影“保持原味，不然就如同視那些偏見從未發(fā)生過一樣。”
The spokesperson added that when the film returns to HBO Max, it "will return with a discussion of its historical context and a denouncement of those very depictions," and will be presented "as it was originally created, because to do otherwise would be the same as claiming these prejudices never existed."
“如果我們希望創(chuàng)造一個更公平、平等、包容性的未來，我們就必須要先承認、了解自己的歷史。”
"If we are to create a more just, equitable and inclusive future, we must first acknowledge and understand our history," the spokesperson said.
此前，電影《為奴十二年》編劇約翰•萊德利在《洛杉磯時報》網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表過一篇專欄，就要求HBO Max下架《亂世佳人》。
The removal also comes after John Ridley, the Academy Award-winning screenwriter of "12 Years a Slave," wrote an op-ed in the Los Angeles Times this week asking HBO Max to take the film out of its rotation.
“嘿，HBO Max，《亂世佳人》將奴隸制的恐怖浪漫化?，F(xiàn)在就從平臺上撤下吧。”
他在文中寫道：“這部影片美化了內戰(zhàn)前的美國南方情況，如果不是忽視了奴隸制的恐怖，那就是設定了有色人種最痛苦的刻板印象。”
"It is a film that glorifies the antebellum south. It is a film that, when it is not ignoring the horrors of slavery, pauses only to perpetuate some of the most painful stereotypes of people of color," Ridley wrote.
不過，萊德利稱自己絕非想把《亂世佳人》永遠“打入冷宮”，而是希望其暫時下架。
Ridley made it clear that he didn't want "Gone with the Wind" to be "relegated to a vault," but rather be taken down for a "respectful amount of time."
“我希望，這部電影能刻畫一個更全面、更完整的南方聯(lián)邦真實情況的畫卷，之后可以和其他影片一起重回HBO Max平臺?；蛘?，電影可以附帶旁白敘述……”
“I would just ask…… that the film be re-introduced to the HBO Max platform along with other films that give a more broad-based and complete picture of what slavery and the Confederacy truly were. Or, perhaps it could be paired with conversations about narratives ……”
除了《亂世佳人》，也有其他影視作品受到影響。近日，《老友記》的聯(lián)合制片人考夫曼，在最近參加一個美國影視圈的活動時表示，自己為這部劇中沒有“多元化”后悔。
視頻來源：環(huán)視頻
觀點不一，下架引發(fā)爭議
HBO Max的發(fā)言人則沒有表明，下架決定是否與萊德利的文章相關。不過這部好萊塢經(jīng)典的下架，引發(fā)不少關注。
同樣在《洛杉磯時報》中的另一篇文章則意見相反，文章承認電影有種族歧視內容，但是卻應該讓大家看到。
文章指出：《亂世佳人》面世80多年了，將其打入冷宮，與當今推翻南部聯(lián)邦人物雕塑丟到河里是不同的。同樣，將其下架也不能洗白好萊塢及娛樂行業(yè)中的種族歧視與不平等。華納媒體以及所有好萊塢公司，應當在打造員工多樣化方面更加努力，而不是將某一時代的膠片剪掉。
“Gone with the Wind” has been around for eight decades. Relegating it to the cyber void is not like toppling Confederate statues into a river. And in no way does pulling the movie cleanse Hollywood or the entertainment industry of racial bias and inequity. WarnerMedia, which launched HBO Max, and all Hollywood companies would be better off working harder at diversifying their executive ranks than eliminating celluloid relics of another era.
作者還認為，影片已經(jīng)是好萊塢歷史的一部分，聚集了那個時代最棒的演員，如果有人想看，就應該可以看——而且不用注釋。
It is a piece of Hollywood history, starring some of the most talented actors of that era, and it should be there — for anyone who does want to see it — without annotation.
作者也理解萊德利及HBO方面希望“結合上下文”重新審視影片的想法，不過其觀點則是“不必要（Not necessary）。”“如果你在觀看《亂世佳人》的時候，都不懂得‘讓過去發(fā)生的就留在過去’這樣的道理，你的問題恐怕不是‘結合上下文’這一方法能解決的了。”
If you watch “Gone With the Wind” and don’t get that it’s a piece of the past to be left in the past, then you’ve got problems that the contextual analysis won’t solve.
外國網(wǎng)友們對于HBO Max的決定也是爭議頗多。
比如，有人指出電影制作要看當時的環(huán)境，而且其中女演員哈蒂•麥克丹尼爾成為了第一位獲得奧斯卡獎的黑人女性。大家應該有渠道看這個電影。
“拿下這些影片，才恰恰抹去了這些事情對美國黑人的意義。這些影片應該被所有人觀看。”
“這是電影，不是紀錄片。”
另有人則表示，做出相關舉動無可厚非，并且還反駁道限于美國當時的種族隔離政策，在頒獎禮時哈蒂•麥克丹尼爾甚至不能和電影及其他獲提名的白人坐在一起。
還有網(wǎng)友指出，是否可以用現(xiàn)在的標準，衡量過往作品：
“你不能抹除歷史，也不能用當今的價值觀念衡量歷史。這部電影是經(jīng)典。”
“電影，難道不是當時社會價值觀念的縮影嗎？用當今的眼光，我們可以學習、挑戰(zhàn)、重新衡量，也有可能為某些作品感到難堪。但是，假裝沒有發(fā)生過則是侮辱我們的智商，侮辱歷史。”
綜合來源：CNN，Los Angeles Times，Market Watch，環(huán)球時報微信公眾號
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