最近，美國加州山火形勢不容樂觀。連日來，在干旱、大風(fēng)、高溫天氣的影響下，美國西部地區(qū)多個州山火肆虐。
圖源：CNN
目前，位于美國西海岸的加利福尼亞州、俄勒岡州和華盛頓州仍是火情最為嚴(yán)重的州。山火持續(xù)燃燒，致使空氣質(zhì)量急劇下降。
圖源：央視網(wǎng)
在當(dāng)?shù)貢r間9月14日的簡報會上，加州自然資源部長Wade Crowfood在會上強(qiáng)調(diào)氣候變化對火勢的影響，對美國總統(tǒng)特朗普說：“今夏氣溫暴漲，加州死亡谷國家公園的溫度已經(jīng)打破了世界紀(jì)錄，高達(dá)130華氏度（約54攝氏度），就連大洛杉磯地區(qū)都在120華氏度以上。”
With wildfires devastating the West. Wade Crowfoot, California Secretary for National Resources, told U.S President Donald Trump: "We had temperatures explode this summer. You may have learned that we broke a world record in Death Valley. 130 degrees fahrenheit (54°C), but even in greater LA 120 plus degrees.
圖源：CNN
然而，美國總統(tǒng)特朗普卻發(fā)聲“打消”他的擔(dān)憂：“天氣會變涼快的，你等著瞧吧。”
"It'll start getting cooler. You just watch."
圖源：CNN
不過Wade Crowfood顯然不認(rèn)可特朗普的這一說法：“我希望科學(xué)會同意你的觀點(diǎn)。”
"I wish science agreed with you," Crowfoot told him.
哪知道，特朗普隨后跟上一句：“其實，我覺得科學(xué)啥也不懂。”近幾周來，加州山火已經(jīng)席卷數(shù)百萬英畝的土地。
"I don't think science knows, actually," the President said at the briefing on the California wildfires that have destroyed millions of acres in recent weeks.
視頻來源：CGTN
顯然，特朗普這一番“高論”再次讓外媒感到震驚，比如CNN直言：
在加州山火通報會上，特朗普毫無根據(jù)的質(zhì)疑氣候科學(xué)
至于原因為何，CNN的另一報道指出，特朗普似乎又把“天氣”（weather）和“氣候”（climate）兩個概念混為一談。
文中指出，氣候和天氣這兩個問題，一直讓特朗普搞不清。他說的沒錯，天氣轉(zhuǎn)涼，美國要進(jìn)入冬季了。然而全球變暖的勢頭也沒有改變。地球公轉(zhuǎn)和自轉(zhuǎn)，帶給我們四季變化，卻不意味著全球變暖就停止了。
With climate change, it is the difference between weather and climate that continually trips him up. He is right that yes, it will get cooler. We are heading into winter in the US -- and all the global warming in the world won't change Earth's annual trip around the sun or its tilt, which brings about the change in seasons. But that doesn't mean an end to global warming.
考慮到特朗普過往的一些言論，特朗普又一次搞混了天氣季節(jié)性變化和氣候的關(guān)系，同時他還忽視全球長期以來的變暖趨勢。比如，在不同時期的推文中，特朗普都重復(fù)著這樣的觀點(diǎn)：天冷、暴風(fēng)雪都意味著氣候變化不再發(fā)生。
As he has done in the past, Trump is once again conflating seasonal weather with climate — and ignoring the planet's long-term warming trend. Trump has repeatedly suggested that a cold day or snowstorm must mean climate change is no longer occurring.
CNN報道說：天氣是今天所發(fā)生的，而氣候是長期的。
Weather is what happens today. Climate is what happens over the long run.
文中引用NASA在2005年的解釋：天氣是大氣層內(nèi)短時間內(nèi)的狀況，氣候是大氣層在相對長時間的行為。
"Weather is the condition in the atmosphere over a short period of time. Climate is how the atmosphere behaves over relatively long periods of time," according to a NASA explanation from 2005.
有關(guān)氣候懷疑論者也在混淆這兩個概念，試圖將冬季嚴(yán)寒作為“全球變暖是騙局”的作證，很容易讓其他人困惑。
Climate skeptics have conflated the two for years, for example, pointing to cold winter weather as proof that global warming is a hoax, most likely to play on people's confusion about the two.
而專家指出，“這個概念并非‘你住的地方暖和’，而是‘全球變暖’。”
"It is not 'Where You Live Warming,' it is 'Global Warming,'" An expert told CNN.
NPR：“我認(rèn)為科學(xué)啥也不懂”：訪問火災(zāi)地區(qū)，特朗普否認(rèn)氣候變化
包括聯(lián)合國政府間氣候變化工作小組以及美國國家氣候評估等科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)都在最新報告中認(rèn)同，即使全球所有溫室氣體排放“急剎車”，全球變暖也可能繼續(xù)數(shù)十年——當(dāng)然，影響的嚴(yán)重性和全球變暖速率會降低。
Major scientific agencies such as the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the US National Climate Assessment agree in their latest reports that even if all greenhouse gas emissions came to a screeching halt, global warming would continue for decades — though the rate and severity could certainly be lessened by aggressively turning away from fossil fuels.
而下一年會變得更涼快嗎？也不太可能。人類歷史上最熱的五年就是過去的五年，今年的數(shù)據(jù)依然會躋身前五。上一次出現(xiàn)某月比平均溫度更涼快的情況還要追溯到1985年，也就是428個月以前了。
As for next year being cooler — unlikely. The five hottest years in the planet's history have been the last five — this year will almost certainly place in the top five. The last time the planet even had a month that was cooler than average? That would be 428 months ago, in 1985.
所以，氣候并沒有變得涼快，科學(xué)還是懂的。
So, no — the climate is not getting cooler anytime soon, and yes, the science knows.
綜合來源：CNN，觀察者網(wǎng)，CGTN，央視網(wǎng)，新華網(wǎng)
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