據(jù)日本共同社等多家媒體16日報道，日本政府已決定將被摧毀的福島核電站的放射性污水排入大海。
The Japanese government has decided to release treated water containing radioactive substances from the Fukushima nuclear plant into the sea, Kyodo news and other local media reported on Oct 16.
據(jù)共同社報道，這一決定最早將于本月正式宣布，從而為爭議達(dá)數(shù)年之久的污水處理問題畫上句號。2011年3月，日本大地震引發(fā)的海嘯導(dǎo)致福島第一核電站發(fā)生反應(yīng)堆爐心熔融事故。事故發(fā)生后，大量用于冷卻反應(yīng)堆的海水、流入設(shè)施內(nèi)的地下水和雨水遭到污染。今年初，一個政府委員會曾指出，將污水排入大?；蛘哒舭l(fā)是 “現(xiàn)實選擇”。
An official decision may be made as early as this month and will put an end to years of debate over how to dispose of the water used to cool the power station that suffered core meltdowns in the disasters.Earlier this year, a government subcommittee reported that releasing the water into the sea or evaporating it are "realistic options."
據(jù)央視新聞報道，雖然福島核電站一直對核污水進(jìn)行處理，但是其中一種名為“氚”的放射性物質(zhì)難以去除，導(dǎo)致核污水持續(xù)堆積，截止到今年9月已經(jīng)高達(dá)123萬噸。到了2022年秋季，核污水儲存罐的容量就會達(dá)到極限。
The treated water contains tritium, making it weakly radioactive. More than one million tons of contaminated water is currently stored in huge tanks at the facility. As of September this year, the stored water totaled 1.23 million tons, filling up 1,044 tanks.But, space is expected to run out by the autumn of 2022.
此外，從決定如何處理、到準(zhǔn)備設(shè)備、手續(xù)審批直到開始排放需要大約兩年的時間，因此盡快決定處理方式已經(jīng)迫在眉睫。
圖源：央視財經(jīng)《天下財經(jīng)》欄目視頻
另據(jù)共同社報道，國際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)總干事拉斐爾•格羅西今年2月首次訪問日本時，也表示污水排入大海符合國際慣例。
The International Atomic Energy Agency's Director General Rafael Grossi said during his visit to the plant in February, the release of the contaminated water into the sea meets global standards of practice in the industry.
不過即便如此，對于污水的顧慮依舊存在。很多國家和地區(qū)自2011年災(zāi)害發(fā)生后就限制進(jìn)口日本相關(guān)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和水產(chǎn)品。
But, widespread concerns remain, with many countries and regions still restricting imports of Japanese agricultural and fishery products in the wake of the 2011 disaster.
此外，福島周邊的漁民也對日本政府的污水入海決定表示擔(dān)憂。
Fishermen in the northeastern prefecture of Fukushima on Friday voiced their concerns over media reports that the government plans to release treated radioactive water from a crippled nuclear power plant.
彭博社指出，這一決定還可能威脅到日本與韓國的關(guān)系，同時也要面臨環(huán)保組織和漁業(yè)組織的強(qiáng)烈反對，當(dāng)?shù)貪O業(yè)正在從災(zāi)后艱難恢復(fù)。
Dumping the water into the ocean threatens to hurt Japan’s relationship with South Korea, and comes despite opposition from environmental groups and the local fishing industry, which is still struggling to recover from the disaster.
圖源：央視財經(jīng)《天下財經(jīng)》欄目視頻
據(jù)新華社報道，各方對于核污水排放問題的擔(dān)憂在很大程度上是因為，日本政府和福島核電站運(yùn)營商東京電力公司（東電公司）在福島核事故處理方面有過多次“不誠實”記錄。在核事故初期，日本政府宣稱“核事故影響有限”“善后處理進(jìn)展順利”，但事實證明并非如此。東電公司在事故初期就已知道堆芯熔毀，卻試圖隱瞞真相。關(guān)于核污水問題，東電公司曾聲稱自2011年6月后福島第一核電站沒有新的放射性污水排入海洋，但后來又承認(rèn)有受污染的地下水流入海洋。
圖源：央視財經(jīng)《天下財經(jīng)》欄目視頻
10月19日，中國外交部發(fā)言人趙立堅主持例行記者會，有記者提問：日本政府將于27日正式?jīng)Q定是否將處理過的福島核污水排入大海。中方對此有何評論？
圖源：外交部網(wǎng)站
趙立堅表示：“日本福島核事故造成放射性物質(zhì)泄漏，對海洋環(huán)境、食品安全和人類健康已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。希望日本政府秉持對本國國民、周邊國家以及國際社會高度負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度，深入評估福島核電站含氚廢水處理方案可能帶來的影響，主動及時地以嚴(yán)格、準(zhǔn)確、公開、透明的方式披露信息，在與周邊國家充分協(xié)商的基礎(chǔ)上慎重做出決策。”
“The radioactive leak caused by the meltdown of the Fukushima nuclear power plant has had profound impact on marine environment, food safety and human health. We hope the Japanese government will act with a high sense of responsibility towards its own people, neighboring countries and the international community, conduct thorough assessment of the possible effect of treatment process for tritium-contaminated waste water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant, disclose relevant information in a voluntary, timely, strict, accurate, open and transparent manner, and make prudent decisions after full consultation with neighboring countries.”
綜合來源：CGTN，中國日報網(wǎng)，共同社英文網(wǎng)站，央視財經(jīng)，彭博社，外交部網(wǎng)站，新華網(wǎng)
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