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伴隨著三星堆遺址的考古發(fā)掘，大量珍貴文物重見(jiàn)天日。近日，三星堆考古的“盲盒”再次重磅上新啦。就這樣，從今年春天開始占據(jù)新聞C位的三星堆，將“星星”之火燎到了夏天。原來(lái)，考古也是可以“追番”的。

據(jù)央視新聞報(bào)道，5月28日下午，由國(guó)務(wù)院新聞辦、國(guó)家文物局、四川省人民政府共同主辦的“三星堆全球文化推介會(huì)”，在廣漢三星堆遺址考古大棚外舉行。推介會(huì)公布了三星堆遺址6個(gè)祭祀坑的最新發(fā)掘進(jìn)展。目前，6個(gè)三星堆祭祀坑已提取出土象牙、青銅器、金器、玉石器等重要文物534件及殘破文物碎片近2000件。

圖源：央視新聞

Archeologists have unearthed more than 1,000 significant relics at the six new sacrificial pits of the legendary Sanxingdui Ruins site in southwest China.

據(jù)了解，3號(hào)坑發(fā)掘青銅器、象牙各100件以上，此外還發(fā)現(xiàn)了玉石器、金器、海貝等。已確認(rèn)一批精彩、珍貴文物，包括銅頂尊跪坐人像、圓口方尊、銅頂壇人像、青銅神樹、大型青銅面具等。

其中，出土的銅頂尊跪坐人像，高115厘米，這件將人與尊組合為一體的大型青銅藝術(shù)品在中國(guó)與世界均屬首次發(fā)現(xiàn)，是一件國(guó)寶級(jí)文物。

圖源：新華網(wǎng)

銅頂尊跪坐人像由上下兩部分組成，上部為一件55厘米青銅大口尊，銅尊口沿內(nèi)側(cè)有短柱，肩部焊有精美的龍形裝飾；下部則為一呈跪姿、雙手持物于身前的高60厘米銅人。尊在古代用作酒器，在祭祀活動(dòng)中體現(xiàn)敬重、推崇。

Relics in the No.3 pit are mainly bronzewares and ivories, both of which have exceeded 100 pieces. Among the bronzewares, such as trees and large masks, a bronze figure with a square altar-shaped bronzeware held up in his hands has never been seen before. Jade and stone tools and gold and seashells were also found in the pit.

Also from the No.3 pit revealed an extremely rare bronze ware of 115 cm high, with its lower part a bronze figurine with clasping hands in front of the body and its head topped with a square plate. Attached to the plate is a rectangular bronzeware with exquisite dragon decorations.

4號(hào)坑發(fā)現(xiàn)絲綢，已提取象牙、金器、玉器、石器等文物534件，青銅器有扭頭跪坐人像、有領(lǐng)璧、戚形方孔璧、戈等，玉器有琮、鑿和有領(lǐng)璧等，金器有帶飾、樹葉形掛飾以及圓形箔片等。

The No.4 pit has a large number of relics. So far, archeologists have unearthed 534 pieces, including ivories, gold, jade, stone, bronze, potteries, bones, textiles, and lacquerwares. From the pit, residues of silk were unearthed for the first time at Sanxingdui. Archeologists also found plants, such as bamboos.

5號(hào)坑已提取金面具、鳥形金飾、象牙及象牙器、玉石器和銅器等146件，坑內(nèi)不少圓形穿孔金片疑為衣服上的裝飾，部分象牙雕刻紋飾十分精細(xì)，有的紋飾線條寬度不足50微米。

6號(hào)坑的西側(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)1件保存完整的“木箱”，為三星堆首次發(fā)現(xiàn)。“木箱”長(zhǎng)1.7米、寬0.57米、高0.4米，四周側(cè)板形制完整，內(nèi)側(cè)涂有朱砂，但已炭化。

7號(hào)坑剛發(fā)掘到文物層，在僅1米長(zhǎng)、0.6米寬、0.1米深的長(zhǎng)方形解剖坑里，已經(jīng)暴露出10根可分辨?zhèn)€體的象牙。

The No.5 pit saw tiny artifacts such as various fragments and beads. There are many round perforated gold pieces buried in this pit, which are probably clothes decorations. So far, 146 pieces of relics have been unearthed, including gold masks and bird-shaped gold ornaments.

A well-preserved wooden box with cinnabar coated on the inside was found in the No.6 pit, which was the first of its kind at Sanxingdui.

From the No.7 pit, which has just been excavated to the relic layer, ten ivories have been exposed.

值得一提的是，面積最大、啟動(dòng)最晚的8號(hào)坑，目前發(fā)掘到灰燼層，但現(xiàn)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)提取出土象牙、青銅器、金器、玉石器等文物上千件。

日前，三星堆8號(hào)坑陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)石磬殘片，可拼接成一件石磬，石磬長(zhǎng)1米，寬52厘米，厚度4厘米，表面打磨平整。或?yàn)橹袊?guó)目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大一件石磬。

圖源：央視新聞

除石磬殘片外，8號(hào)坑還陸續(xù)出土近60件尺寸、形態(tài)各異的金葉。

圖源：央視新聞

據(jù)介紹，金葉呈脈狀紋式，頂端有孔，可用于懸掛。因?yàn)?號(hào)坑出土的神樹枝杈較多，有考古人員推測(cè)金葉是懸掛在枝杈上的葉子，但也有人推測(cè)，這些文物呈魚的形狀。具體是葉子還是魚形金飾片，還有待進(jìn)一步論證，可以確定的是，它們應(yīng)該是掛在神樹上的飾物。

The No.8 pit mainly saw bronzewares, jade, gold foils, and stone tools. Larger bronzewares were mostly broken consciously, and the fragments were mainly from bronze trees. There were also many gold foils scattered in the ashes, some of which were identified as golden leaves. Pieces of textiles that were not completely burned were also found on some bronze fragments.

據(jù)國(guó)家文物局副局長(zhǎng)胡冰介紹，在幾代考古工作者的不懈努力下，三星堆遺址目前已基本建立起年代與分期編年體系，明確了三星堆城址結(jié)構(gòu)布局與營(yíng)建過(guò)程，展現(xiàn)了四川盆地與中原地區(qū)、關(guān)中地區(qū)、長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)間文化的密切關(guān)系。三星堆遺址“祭祀坑”考古新發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)一步展示了三星堆遺址和三星堆文化的豐富內(nèi)涵，對(duì)認(rèn)識(shí)三星堆遺址所代表的古蜀國(guó)祭祀體系以及三星堆遺址的性質(zhì)和聚落變遷原因具有重要意義。“祭祀坑”出土文物提供了更具完整性的資料，極大豐富了古蜀文明的內(nèi)涵，進(jìn)一步明確了古蜀文明作為中華文明重要一極的地位。

三星堆遺址位于四川省廣漢市三星堆鎮(zhèn)，成都平原北部沱江支流湔江(鴨子河)南岸。遺址分布面積約12平方公里，是四川盆地目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的夏商時(shí)期規(guī)模最大、等級(jí)最高的中心性遺址。

綜合來(lái)源：新華社 央視新聞 人民日?qǐng)?bào) 光明日?qǐng)?bào) 央廣網(wǎng)