Forgot your password or your ID? Well, facial recognition (FR) technology can help. Using just their faces, people can unlock their smartphones, make payments and take the subway. FR technology has also been used to catch criminals.
忘記了賬號(hào)密碼？沒(méi)關(guān)系，人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)可以幫到你。人們可以通過(guò)面部識(shí)別解鎖智能手機(jī)，進(jìn)行支付并搭乘地鐵。人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)還能用于抓捕犯罪分子。

However, as the use of FR applications has become more widespread, the technology has aroused controversy over privacy and financial security risks.
然而，隨著人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)的應(yīng)用日益廣泛，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)也引發(fā)了關(guān)于隱私以及金融安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的爭(zhēng)議。

A survey jointly released by Guangzhou-based Nanfang Metropolis Daily and the Personal Information Protection Task Force on Apps said that almost 65 percent of respondents think that FR technology is being abused.
由廣州的《南方都市報(bào)》與App專項(xiàng)治理工作組聯(lián)合發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，約有65%的受訪者認(rèn)為人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)被濫用了。

Even worse, more than 30 percent said they have actually experienced financial loss as well as invasion of privacy due to facial information leak and abuse.
更糟糕的是，超過(guò)30%的人表示，曾因自己的人臉信息泄露、濫用等遭受經(jīng)濟(jì)損失或隱私被侵犯。

According to Xinhua, many applications do have loopholes that could lead to leaks in personal and facial information data.
據(jù)新華社報(bào)道，許多應(yīng)用軟件的確存在漏洞，會(huì)導(dǎo)致個(gè)人及面部信息數(shù)據(jù)泄露。

Loopholes aren’t the only worry, though. On some online trading platforms, only 2 yuan is charged for thousands of photos of people’s faces, but such trade is neither authorized nor legal.
但漏洞并不是唯一令人擔(dān)心的事。在一些在線交易平臺(tái)上，只需兩元便能買到上千張人臉照片，但這類交易并未經(jīng)過(guò)授權(quán)，也不合法。

In August, two suspects were arrested in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for allegedly stealing and reselling personal information.
今年8月，兩名犯罪嫌疑人因涉嫌竊取、轉(zhuǎn)售個(gè)人信息在浙江杭州被逮捕。

This has prompted concerns about the security of personal bioinformation. “Physical characteristics, including facial features and fingerprints, are some of the most important identifiers for individuals. Unlike our ID, which can be modified (修改), our bioinformation stays permanent for life,” Zhang Xin, associate professor at the University of International Business and Economics, told CGTN.
這一事件引發(fā)了對(duì)個(gè)人生物信息安全的關(guān)注?！叭四槨⒅讣y等生理特征對(duì)于個(gè)人而言是最為重要的標(biāo)識(shí)。賬號(hào)可以修改，但我們的生物信息卻會(huì)陪伴我們終生，”對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)副教授張欣在接受中國(guó)國(guó)際電視臺(tái)采訪時(shí)如此表示。

Therefore, there should be a legal framework that regulates the collection, use, storage and transmission of bioinformation, according to Zhang.
因此，張欣認(rèn)為，應(yīng)當(dāng)建立一個(gè)規(guī)范生物信息收集、使用、儲(chǔ)存、傳輸?shù)姆蓹C(jī)制。

Though China does not have specific regulations relating to FR technology, the China Cyber Security Law, which came into effect in 2017, states that personal information can only be collected when individuals are informed and agree to the aims and scope of the collection.
盡管中國(guó)目前還沒(méi)有關(guān)于人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)的具體法規(guī)，但2017年起實(shí)施的《中華人民共和國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法》規(guī)定，網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)者收集個(gè)人信息，應(yīng)當(dāng)明示收集、使用信息的目的和范圍，并經(jīng)被收集者同意。

The Civil Code, which was adopted this year, also states that personal consent is required before the collection and processing of personal information. And users have the right to ask to withdraw their personal information, according to Zhu Wei, deputy director of the Communication Law Research Center at the China University of Political Science and Law.
今年通過(guò)的《民法典》也規(guī)定，需經(jīng)自然人同意方可收集處理個(gè)人信息。中國(guó)政法大學(xué)傳播法研究中心副主任朱巍表示，用戶有權(quán)要求刪除自己的個(gè)人信息。

Tech companies have been optimizing their FR algorithm and the ways in which they collect data. According to CGTN, they are now addressing security risks with more advanced technology, like federated learning that can train the algorithm without directly accessing the data the company collects. This reduces the possibility of leaks.
科技公司一直在優(yōu)化人臉識(shí)別算法以及收集收據(jù)的方式。據(jù)中國(guó)國(guó)際電視臺(tái)報(bào)道，如今這些公司都在通過(guò)更先進(jìn)的技術(shù)處理安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，如聯(lián)邦學(xué)習(xí)，這種技術(shù)無(wú)需直接獲取企業(yè)所收集的數(shù)據(jù)便能進(jìn)行算法訓(xùn)練，從而減少信息泄露的可能性。

以上文章內(nèi)容選自《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生英文報(bào)高中版》，詳情請(qǐng)見(jiàn)《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生英文報(bào)高中版》高二811期