In the weeks leading up to this year’s Double Eleven shopping festival, Peng Ling, a college student, received numerous advertising messages on her phone. The confusing thing was that some online shops were new to her. “I never bought things from some of the shops, so how could they know my phone number?” Peng told CCTV News.
臨近今年雙十一購物節(jié)的幾周里，大學生彭玲的手機收到很多廣告短信。讓她困惑的是，有些廣告來自陌生的網(wǎng)店?！捌渲杏行┥碳椅疫€沒有買過，它們怎么知道我電話號碼的?”彭玲在接受央視新聞采訪時表示。

When our personal information is leaked for the purpose of marketing, it can be quite annoying. But it would be even worse if our data is used for much more serious acts, such as communication fraud.
我們的個人信息被泄露給商家做營銷，這相當令人惱怒。但如果我們的數(shù)據(jù)被用于如電信詐騙等更嚴重的行為，情況會更糟。

On Nov 1, the Personal Information Protection Law came into effect in China. The law has detailed rules to strengthen the protection of personal information.
《個人信息保護法》自11月1日起在中國生效實施。該法律制定了詳細的條款，以加強個人信息保護。

The law defines personal information as any kind of information about people who are or can be identified, in electronic or other form. So a person’s name, date of birth, ID number, address and phone number are all personal information.
《個人信息保護法》將個人信息定義為以電子或者其他方式記錄的與已識別或者可識別的自然人有關(guān)的各種信息，包括電子或其他形式的信息。所以一個人的姓名、出生日期、身份證號碼、地址和電話號碼都是個人信息。

There are also some kinds of personal information that are regarded as “sensitive”, such as fingerprints, faces, religious beliefs, medical health, financial accounts and all data relating to minors under 14.
還有一些種類的個人信息被認定為敏感個人信息，包括指紋、面孔、宗教信仰、醫(yī)療健康、金融賬戶以及不滿十四周歲未成年人的所有個人信息。

According to the law, activities such as collecting, using, processing and trading of personal information will be strictly regulated. One key rule is that those handling personal information should inform users and get permission. For sensitive information, there are stricter rules on related activities. For example, in the case of a minor, approval from their parents is required.
根據(jù)《個人信息保護法》規(guī)定，個人信息的收集、使用、加工和買賣等活動將受到嚴格規(guī)制。其中一個關(guān)鍵原則是，個人信息處理者在處理個人信息前，應當告知個人，并取得個人的同意。對處理敏感個人信息的活動，法律將作出更加嚴格的限制。例如，個人信息保護法要求，處理不滿十四周歲未成年人個人信息，應當取得未成年人的父母（或者其他監(jiān)護人）的同意。

Many apps would collect users’ information even when the app was not in use. They could access the phonebook, photos, turn on the microphone and get the users’ location. That’s why protection of personal information is needed, according to Zhou Hanhua, a researcher with the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
中國社會科學院法學研究所副所長周漢華表示，因為后臺有無數(shù)的APP在采集用戶的信息、調(diào)取通訊錄、讀取照片、打開麥克風、精準定位用戶的位置等等，所以這就是要保護個人信息的原因。

For individuals, it’s important to raise awareness of protecting personal information, as China Consumers Association suggested. Individuals need to fully understand the requests for personal information. If it’s not necessary, don’t agree. If you find that your personal data has been used illegally, you can report to consumer councils or cyberspace administrations with evidence.
中國消費者協(xié)會建議，對于消費者個人來說，提高個人信息保護的意識很重要。個人需要充分了解經(jīng)營者收集使用個人信息的請求。如果該請求沒有必要，個人就不要同意。如果消費者個人發(fā)現(xiàn)個人信息被非法使用，可以向消費者委員會或網(wǎng)絡管理部門報告證據(jù)。

以上文章內(nèi)容選自《21世紀學生英文報高中版》，詳情請見《21世紀學生英文報高中版》高一849期